What are Dakuten and Handakuten? These are the tiny marks that change the sound of a kana—like adding spice to a familiar dish.
Dakuten (゛): Adds a voiced sound
ใ → ใ (ka → ga)
ใ → ใ (sa → za)
ใ → ใ (ta → da)
ใฏ → ใฐ (ha → ba)
Handakuten (゜): Adds a plosive “p” sound
ใฏ → ใฑ (ha → pa)
Why it matters:
It unlocks more vocabulary (e.g., ใใใใ = student, ใฑใ = bread)
It helps you hear the difference between soft and strong sounds
It’s essential for accurate pronunciation and spelling
๐ Full Dakuten & Handakuten Chart: Hiragana & Katakana
| Base Kana | Dakuten (゛) | Handakuten (゜) | Hiragana | Katakana |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ใ (ka) | ใ (ga) | — | ใ | ใฌ |
| ใ (ki) | ใ (gi) | — | ใ | ใฎ |
| ใ (ku) | ใ (gu) | — | ใ | ใฐ |
| ใ (ke) | ใ (ge) | — | ใ | ใฒ |
| ใ (ko) | ใ (go) | — | ใ | ใด |
| ใ (sa) | ใ (za) | — | ใ | ใถ |
| ใ (shi) | ใ (ji) | — | ใ | ใธ |
| ใ (su) | ใ (zu) | — | ใ | ใบ |
| ใ (se) | ใ (ze) | — | ใ | ใผ |
| ใ (so) | ใ (zo) | — | ใ | ใพ |
| ใ (ta) | ใ (da) | — | ใ | ใ |
| ใก (chi) | ใข (ji)* | — | ใข | ใ |
| ใค (tsu) | ใฅ (zu)* | — | ใฅ | ใ |
| ใฆ (te) | ใง (de) | — | ใง | ใ |
| ใจ (to) | ใฉ (do) | — | ใฉ | ใ |
| ใฏ (ha) | ใฐ (ba) | ใฑ (pa) | ใฐ / ใฑ | ใ / ใ |
| ใฒ (hi) | ใณ (bi) | ใด (pi) | ใณ / ใด | ใ / ใ |
| ใต (fu) | ใถ (bu) | ใท (pu) | ใถ / ใท | ใ / ใ |
| ใธ (he) | ใน (be) | ใบ (pe) | ใน / ใบ | ใ / ใ |
| ใป (ho) | ใผ (bo) | ใฝ (po) | ใผ / ใฝ | ใ / ใ |
*Note: ใข and ใฅ are rare and mostly used in native words. Most “ji” and “zu” sounds use ใ and ใ.
How to learn it:
๐จ Color-code your Gojลซon chart to show which kana can take dakuten
๐ง Listen to minimal pairs: ka vs ga, sa vs za
✍️ Practice writing both versions side by side to feel the shift
Jiezza’s gentle reminder: These marks may be small, but they carry weight. They teach you that even the quietest strokes can change meaning. Like boundaries in life, they’re subtle but powerful. Learn to notice them. Honor their presence.
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